Trypanosomosis in camel (Camelus dromedarius) with particular reference to Indian sub-continent: a review

Trypanosomosis (Surra) caused by Trypanosoma evansi is a problem of great economic importance in camels. The disease may be acute, causing early death if untreated or chronic, resulting in severe anaemia, loss of milk and meat, abortion, premature birth or infertility. All camelids are susceptible regardless of breed or age. The parasite is widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of North Africa, the middle east, the Indian sub-continent and South America. The morphology, host range and transmission of T. evansi is reviewed, as well as the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of trypanosomosis. Gaps in the available information are emphasized.