Current prospects in the control of Loa loa filariasis

The possibility of controlling loaiasis in Africa is discussed, based on a literature review presented in the form of answers to the following questions: (1) does the pathogenicity of this filariasis necessitate individual treatment in an endemic region? (2) can the vectors (Chrysops) be controlled? (3) is it currently possible to foresee an interruption in transmission of the disease, and (4) what is the mid-term future of this filariasis? Loaiasis is considered to be highly pathogenic to man; it responds to diethylcarbamazine and/or ivermectin. Trapping is considered (except for individual protection) as the only possible means of controlling the vectors but cannot, on its own, interrupt transmission; mass treatment of L. loa microfilariae carriers should be considered. The future of loaiasis is closely linked to the fate of central African forests and, in view of the current rate of deforestation, a reduction in its prevalence may be forecast.